The Popsie Fish Company fisher Erin Washer holding a King salmon in Egegik, AK.
In a world where concerns about environmental sustainability are at the forefront of discussions, the choices we make about what we eat and where our food is sourced from have significant implications. This is particularly true when it comes to seafood, a fundamental part of nutrition for millions around the globe. But what exactly is sustainable seafood, and why does it matter?
At its core, sustainable seafood refers to fish and shellfish that are caught or farmed in a way that ensures the long term health and stability of marine ecosystems. This means employing fishing methods that minimize bycatch (other marine life that gets accidentally caught during fishing for a specific species), avoid damage to habitats, and respect natural reproductive cycles of marine species. It also involves responsible aquaculture practices that prioritize animal welfare, reduce pollution, and safeguard local communities (2).
One of the key principles of sustainable seafood is maintaining the balance of fish populations. This requires careful management of fisheries to prevent overfishing - the unsustainable practice of harvesting fish at a rate faster than they can reproduce - this process is overseen by ADF&G (Alaska Department of Fish and Game). Overfishing not only depletes fish stocks but also disrupts marine food webs, jeopardizing the survival of other species dependent on those fish for food (3).
Another critical aspect of sustainable seafood is minimizing environmental impact. Certain fishing methods such as bottom trawling (a fishing technique where a net is dragged on the ocean floor to capture a target species such as groundfish or crabs) can cause extensive damage to seabeds and coral reefs, destroying essential habitats for marine life. By choosing seafood that is harvested using less destructive techniques, consumers can help protect fragile ecosystems and preserve biodiversity (3).
In recent years, there has been growing awareness and demand for sustainable seafood options. The rate of consumers seeking out eco-certifications, such as the Marine Stewardship Council (MCS) label or the Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) certification, which indicates that a product meets rigorous sustainability standards, is increasing. These certifications provide assurance that the seafood has been responsibly sourced and can be traced back to its origin (1,5).
Making informed choices about seafood consumption is not only beneficial for the environment but also for your health. Sustainable seafood tends to be fresher and of higher quality, as it is often sourced locally and processed with greater care. Additionally, by supporting sustainable fishing practices, consumers can help safeguard the livelihoods of fishing communities around the world, promoting economic stability and social equity (2).
Ultimately, the concept of sustainable seafood is about recognizing the interconnectedness of all life in the oceans and acknowledging our role as caretakers of those precious resources. By choosing seafood that is harvested or farmed sustainably, we can contribute to the health and resilience of marine ecosystems, ensuring that future generations can continue to enjoy the bounties of the sea. So, the next time you have a craving for a seafood dinner, consider the impact of your choice and opt for sustainability - it's a decision that benefits both the planet and your palate.
Sources
1 ASC. “Aquaculture Stewardship Council.” ASC International, 9 Jan. 2024, asc-aqua.org/.
2 Barramundi, Australis. “5 Reasons Why Sustainable Fish Is Good for You.” The Better Fish® Barramundi by Australis Aquaculture, 11 Oct. 2022, www.thebetterfish.com/learning/why-sustainable-fish-is-good-for-you/.
3 Fisheries, NOAA. “Sustainable Seafood: Understanding Sustainable Seafood: NOAA Fisheries.” Understanding Sustainable Seafood | NOAA Fisheries, www.fisheries.noaa.gov/topic/sustainable-seafood/understanding-sustainable-seafood. Accessed 26 Mar. 2024.
4 Monterey Bay Aquarium. “What Is Sustainable Seafood?” Seafoodwatch.Org, www.seafoodwatch.org/seafood-basics/what-is-sustainable-seafood. Accessed 26 Mar. 2024.
5 MSC. “Certified Sustainable Seafood.” US & Canada - English, www.msc.org/en-us. Accessed 26 Mar. 2024.
